Chile, occupying a total land area of 2,006,096 square kilometers (sq km), is located in western South America. It is bordered by Peru and Bolivia and has a coastline of over 8,000 km along the Pacific Ocean. Due to the country’s latitude and altitude, Chile has four macrobioclimates: tropical, Mediterranean, temperate, and antiborealis. As Chile is a part of the “Pacific Ring of Fire,” it is vulnerable to geological and hydrometeorological disasters, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, tsunamis, wildfires, floods, landslides, and droughts.
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