Niger is a landlocked country bordered by Algeria, Libya, Chad, Nigeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, and Mali. Three-quarters of its 1,267,000-square kilometer (sq km) terrain comprises deserts, leaving only the southern part of the country arable. Niger is vulnerable to droughts, floods, sandstorms, and locust infestations, which have contributed to chronic food insecurity. Increased temperatures, variability in rainfall patterns, floods, and more frequent droughts have increased the prevalence of climate change-related diseases, such as malaria, meningitis, and measles.