The Republic of North Macedonia is an upper middle-income country situated in Southeastern Europe, bordering Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia, Kosovo, and Albania. It gained independence in 1991.
North Macedonia is landlocked on an elevated plateau, with mountains, deep basins and valleys. According to the World Bank, land use for agriculture represents almost 50% of the surface area with forests covering approximately one-third. The country is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change such as increase in temperature, decrease in precipitation, and increases in extreme weather events such as heat waves. These pose increasing risks to the country’s agricultural sector which employs 21.7% of the workforce.
For energy, North Macedonia relies predominantly on fossil fuels such as coal and hydropower, and is dependent on electricity imports.
North Macedonia is one of the countries selected to participate in the Accelerating Coal Transition investment program.
