The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) is committed to rigorous and inclusive monitoring and reporting (M&R) on investments’ contributions toward net-zero emissions and adaptive, climate-resilient, just, and socially inclusive development pathways. The M&R Results Deep Dive series is a supplement to CIF’s annual results reports — while annual M&R provides a systematic synthesis of portfolio performance against each program’s core indicators, the Deep Dives provide in-depth reviews of these results within specific thematic or developmental dimensions of climate change. As such, they offer greater granularity on the drivers and implications of various performance characteristics.