Ecuador is an Andean country in the northwest corner of South America, with a total land area of 256,370 square kilometers (sq km). It is bordered by Colombia, Peru, and the Pacific Ocean. With its wide range of climate zones and an extraordinary array of geographical systems, climatic and human conditions, many of Ecuador’s systems are highly vulnerable and have already shown great sensitivity to climate variability and long-term change. The threats that have affected the country include droughts, floods, landslides, and volcanic eruptions.